How Omega-3s May Help Calm Inflammation Linked to Obesity and Chronic Disease

This review article looks at how omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) may help the body manage inflammation, especially the kind linked to obesity and related metabolic problems. The authors explain that omega-3s can be converted into anti-inflammatory compounds, including resolvins and protectins, that help turn down inflammatory signaling pathways in the body.

The paper describes how, in fat tissue, omega-3s appear to reduce immune cell buildup, ease inflammation, and support healthier insulin response, while also potentially reducing excess fat mass. The review also discusses research on fatty liver disease, gut bacteria balance, and kidney function, along with cardiovascular disease, where omega-3s are typically discussed as a secondary supportive measure for people with existing heart disease risk factors.

Beyond metabolic health, the authors summarize findings on chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and multiple sclerosis, focusing on the specific biological pathways omega-3s may influence in each case. The review also notes practical limitations seen across human clinical trials.